Ubomi benkonzo yoqhushumbo-iiphaneli zobungqina buchatshazelwa zizinto ezininzi, kodwa ngokubanzi ziqala kwi-10 ukuya kuma-30 eminyaka.
Umgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo ngowona mba ubalulekileyo. -Umgangatho ophezulu wokudubula{2}iiphaneli zobungqina, ezenziwe nge{3}}ezikumgangatho ophezulu wemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye neenkqubo zemveliso ezihambele phambili, ziyakwazi ukumelana nokubola kokusingqongileyo kwaye zinobomi benkonzo obuphakathi kwama-25 ukuya kuma-30 eminyaka. Iiphaneli{7}ezikumgangatho ophantsi zingafuna ukutshintshwa emva kweminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 kuphela.
Indawo yokusebenza nayo ibalulekile. Kwiimeko ezingqongileyo ezirhabaxa, ezifana nezo zinobushushu obuphezulu, ukufuma okuphezulu, okanye iasidi eyomeleleyo kunye nokubola kwealkali, iiphaneli ezingqina uqhushumbo{1}}zinokonakala, zibenza bufutshane ubomi babo benkonzo ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kweli-15. Kwiindawo ezipholileyo, ukusebenza kwabo kuzinzile, ukwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo.
Ukongeza, ulondolozo lukwachaphazela ubomi babo benkonzo. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo, ukucocwa, kunye nokulungiswa ngokukhawuleza komonakalo omncinci kunokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yokudubula{1}}kweephaneli zobungqina. Ukunqongophala kwesondlo kunokukhawuleza ukuguga kunye nomonakalo.
